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The U. The official dividing line has generally moved progressively west from its original location on the Indiana— Ohio border, to a position dividing Indiana down the middle, and finally to its current location along much of the Indiana— Illinois border.
In April , several southwestern and northwestern counties reverted to Central time, although by late all but two had returned to Eastern time. As much of Indiana is on the western frontier of the Eastern time zone, there was opposition from many in the state to observing daylight saving time there for decades. Indiana observes Eastern Time, except for 12 of its 92 counties, which observe Central Time.
The twelve counties are:. Since April 2, , all counties in Indiana observe daylight saving time. Shanks , where the author identifies areas in the state with a different time zone history for each. The tz database lists 11 time zones for Indiana, where each zone is defined as a geographic area that observed the same offsets from UTC since January 1, the UNIX epoch. The diagrams in this article are colored to show these 11 zones and a key is provided below.
Before in the United States, most towns and cities set their own local time to noon when the sun was at its highest point in the sky. Since the sun reaches "high noon" four minutes later for every degree of longitude traveled towards the west, the time in every town was different.
With the emergence of the railroads, hundreds of miles could be traveled in a much shorter time, causing a train passenger to apparently experience several slight changes in time over the course of even a short rail trip. By , the major railroads in the US agreed to coordinate their clocks and begin operating on "standard time" with four "time zones" established across the then state nation, centered on the 75th , 90th , th , and th meridians west.
On November 18, , telegraph lines transmitted GMT to major cities, where each city was to adjust their official time to their proper zone. Census Bureau , closer to the center of the Central Time Zone at the 90th meridian than the center of the Eastern Time Zone at the 75th meridian.
All of Indiana was located in the Central Time Zone. A year later, Congress repealed daylight saving time from the Standard Time Act of , though some communities continued to follow it.
After the war, the mandate to observe daylight saving time was lifted again. In , in a heated rural vs. However, the law had no enforcement power, and it was largely ignored by communities who wanted to observe Eastern Standard Time. The law did, however, make it illegal for communities to observe "fast time" i.
Governor Harold W. Handley vowed to enforce the law by withdrawing state aid from communities who attempted to observe "fast time" during the winter, though legal obstacles forced the Governor to back down from his stance. Once again, the law was not enforceable, and individual communities continued to observe whichever time zone they preferred. In , the Indiana legislature repealed the law making Central Time the official time of Indiana, which allowed any community to observe DST.
This made more of the Michigan-Indiana first changed in and Kentucky-Indiana first changed in and additionally in state lines the time zone boundaries. Neither the time zone line nor daylight saving time were uniformly observed see 50 FR Prior to the passing of this law, each state was permitted to decide this issue for itself.
Having the state split in two time zones was inconvenient, however, so Governor Roger D. The remainder of the state was placed in the Eastern Time Zone; the state was given special dispensation to exempt parts of itself from DST. While the USDOT was considering where the time zone line should be, several broadcast companies filed a federal lawsuit in to compel the USDOT to enforce the observance of daylight saving time in Indiana, which they won.
Boyd , F. Indiana Congress approved an amendment Pub. Indiana enacted the statute, officially placing northwest and southwest Indiana in the Central Time Zone, in observance of daylight saving time, and the rest of the state in the Eastern Standard Time throughout the year.
The final changes to the Michigan-Indiana time zone occurred in , when Michigan also affected by the amendments to the Uniform time act adopted its current daylight saving and time zone boundary laws. Several eastern Indiana counties Ohio and Dearborn counties, near Cincinnati; and Floyd, Clark, and Harrison counties, near Louisville chose to unofficially observe daylight saving time, despite the Indiana statute.
They denied the request, finding that the change would not serve the convenience of commerce see 50 FR , 50 FR , and 50 FR They denied the petitions of both counties see 51 FR and 52 FR Attitudes began to change in the s, as Indiana's convoluted time zone situation was seen as impeding the state's economic growth.
Interstate travel and commerce were difficult as people wondered, "what time is it in Indiana? On April 29, , with heavy backing from Governor Mitch Daniels ' economic development plan, and after years of controversy, the Indiana General Assembly passed a law stating that, effective April 2, , the entire state of Indiana would become the 48th state to observe daylight saving time.
The base opted to recognize Central Time, since the portion in Martin County was larger than the portions in Greene and Lawrence combined.
This meant that the vast majority of Crane's employees would live in one time zone but work in another. Furthermore, a business park under construction at Crane's west gate would also straddle the new dividing line, with businesses on one side of the street being in a different time zone from those on the other.
After one year under this awkward arrangement, Martin County reconsidered their bid to be placed in the Central Time Zone and formally petitioned for a return to the Eastern Time Zone. Pulaski County Commissioners and County Council both voted unanimously on February 6, , to declare home rule and stay on Eastern Time if a federal agency did not grant an appeal to change the time zone ruling.
However, the county conceded on March 27, , officially accepting Central Time and switching time zones on April 2, Joseph , Marshall , and Fulton counties overtly expressed interest in making another attempt to be changed to Central Time as of the end of Pulaski County returned to Eastern Time on March 11, the date when daylight saving time resumed.
With the exception of Perry and Starke counties, all counties that were moved to the Central Time Zone in were moved back to the Eastern Time Zone in The decades-long Indiana time zone debate remains controversial.
Some argue that the entire state should move to Central Time, while some others would prefer to have the state return to the non-observance of DST. Many farmers oppose DST because their days are controlled by the sun, not the clock. Farmers are often dependent on younger workers whose parents want them home by dinner, and when the sun is up later in the evening, farmers miss out on recreational activities that only happen late.
When the sun is still up at 9 to p. Opponents of putting the entire state on one time zone often cite out-of-state cities as their reason of opposition. For example, counties in Northwestern Indiana are part of the Chicago metropolitan area. Many residents commute to Chicago, which is on Central Time. Counties in the southeastern corner of the state are suburbs of cities such as Cincinnati, Ohio , and Louisville, Kentucky , which both observe Eastern Time.
In the southwestern corner of the state, Evansville serves as the central hub of a tri-state area that includes southern Illinois and western Kentucky both on Central Time. Supporters of daylight saving time and a common time zone in Indiana often claim Indiana must adopt the time-keeping system of the Eastern United States to preserve interstate business with that region.
Some believe that Indiana businesses have lost hours of productive time with out-of-state colleagues because the time quirks are too confusing to keep track of on a daily basis. Detractors of daylight saving time claim that scientific studies assessing the impact of the time policy change to DST in Indiana have identified a significant increase in energy usage and spending on electricity by Indiana households.
Another wrinkle in the issue is the unnatural geographic location of this Eastern-Time-Zoned region. In the western Indiana counties where Eastern time is observed South Bend and Lafayette south to Terre Haute and Vincennes , around the summer solstice , the sun neither sets until after p. Another notable observation is that schools in the Eastern Time Zone of Indiana tend to have far more 2-hour delays, mainly due to the fact that sunlight is required for many road de-icing components to work.
With the sun rising as late as a. The argument is that if the same area were in its geographically natural Central time zone, the sun would be up an hour sooner, and it would have an additional hour to thaw the roads every morning.
The group's stated reasons for restoring Central Time to Indiana includes the following claims:. Indiana is covered by the following zones in the tz database. Jump to content Navigation. Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file.
Download as PDF Printable version. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Go to top. Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk. Read Edit View history. More Read Edit View history. Time zones used in Indiana. The new time zone line was never uniformly observed. From to , six counties in the northwest near Chicago and six southwest counties in and around Evansville , observed DST in the Central Time Zone.
March , to November Perry and Starke counties remained in Central Time. The Indianapolis Star. Archived from the original on December 1, Retrieved September 16, April 30, Archived from the original on September 25, Retrieved November 15, Monroe County Community School Corporation.
Archived from the original on November 18, Retrieved November 25, State of Indiana. Archived from the original on January 1, Inside Indiana Business. March 15,
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